Representativeness in Geographical Indications: A Comparison between the State-Driven and Producer-Driven Systems in Vietnam and France

This paper explores the issues of representativeness and participation in collective processes involved elaboration geographical indications (GI) specifications governance GI initiatives. The objective is to understand relationship among dynamics, relevant stakeholders, legal frameworks for protection GIs. Using a qualitative methodology based on an analysis six case studies France Vietnam, we show role law shaping different ways understanding implementing concept French producer-led Vietnamese state-driven approaches protection. In France, result from negotiations all legitimate which may prove long, complex, lead standards that can continue be challenged after registration. We also argue rules representation users decision-making do not necessarily fairness. local stakeholders usually have consultative under authority State, resulting their little low use GI. Their empowerment further hindered by involvement state authorities management producers’ associations. conclude discussing in-between solutions promote participation.